Glossary

Light-Year

A light-year is the distance light travels in one year, about 9.46 trillion kilometers. It is a unit of distance, not time, and it lets astronomers express the vast gulfs between stars in manageable numbers. The nearest star to the Sun, Proxima Centauri, lies 4.24 light-years away. Because light takes time to reach us, looking far out in space is also looking back in time: we see the most distant galaxies as they were billions of years ago.

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Cosmology · Exoplanets · Direct Imaging

The Coldest World We Have Ever Photographed

Almost every planet we have imaged directly is a young, glowing furnace. Then JWST captured a mature, frigid super-Jupiter twelve light-years away, ne...

August 25, 202612 min read

Cosmology · Search for Life · Technosignatures

How to Spot a Civilization From Light-Years Away

An advanced civilization might betray itself not with a message but with its machinery: the waste heat of a star wrapped in solar panels, a chemical s...

August 21, 202612 min read

Astrophysics · Milky Way · Galactic Center

The Giant Lobes Rising From the Milky Way

In 2010, a space telescope revealed two colossal balloons of energy tens of thousands of light-years above and below the center of our galaxy, the sca...

August 17, 202612 min read

Astrophysics · Solar System · Comets

The Frozen Shell at the Edge of the Sun's Reach

Far beyond Pluto and the Kuiper Belt, the solar system may end in a vast spherical cloud of icy bodies reaching nearly a light-year out. We have never...

July 28, 202612 min read

Cosmology · Exoplanets · Magma Worlds

The World That Breathes Sulfur

Thirty-five light-years away, the super-Earth L 98-59 d has no solid ground. A permanent ocean of magma feeds a sky laced with sulfur, and it may be t...

July 14, 202613 min read

Astrophysics · Supernovae · Black Holes

The Supernova a Machine Saw Before Anyone Else

A star 730 million light-years away brightened for four years, exploded, then exploded again. No human flagged it. An algorithm built to find the stra...

July 3, 202614 min read